man, because if we lose too much of it all wrong, we mess things up, risking brain damage. so let's stop the self sabotage humans and multitasking watch. now on youtube, v. w documentary, the rising global temperatures have a direct impact on food security. according to the world food program, we're a witness in an unprecedented food crisis. now over 700, a to 1000000 people around the world assessing clinic hung up. welcome to eco africa. i am sandra the homes that we know video right here in comp. hello, uganda. to diversify and food sources and agriculture. production techniques

is one way of ensuring safe and held the food for everyone. i have chris lands coming to you from lagos, nigeria. good to have you with us. here's what's coming up. why mushrooms are big business and rhonda. how to reduce the environmental impact of phone line, shop it and how school children are learning, but satisfaction of growing the road food while we start to show on the south africa coast, jelly fish have been striving for millions of years and they're among the oldest leaving animals on the planet, but even though they've been around for so long, they're surprisingly little research into these. let's save marine creatures. now scientists to try to find out more about them and the critical role to play in ocean. because systems jelly fish are among foods oldest

inhabitants, mass occurrences known as blues of jelly. fish happened roughly every 10 years, but in some regions, like allowing them to be being caused. they seem to occur more frequently, but it's hard to get dot to jelly fish thrift with the current which makes them difficult to accurately record. such invasions are usually the result of environmental conditions which leads to a drop in the number of predators. at the same time that can be facilitated by an increase in temperature, you can increase the temperature, these things will grow foster you dropped the concentrations of oxygen that will effect fission negatively. but it doesn't affect jelly fish. the jelly fish will bribing areas. the fish of being forced to events. the invasion has not yet hit south africa. chris lewis is a jelly fish expert who is familiar with the species in the woods off cape town. so

far, 20 spaces, a note here such as the freely mouth jelly and the poisonous fox jelly fish. researches are only now beginning to understand the role that these invertebrates play in the marine ecosystem. they're not only supposed to indicate the spaces to show us when it goes system is out of whack. but they also play very important at all. that's a pace pcs, as well as printed as an ocean. and because genuine companies does the actually lock up a lot of carbon into the ocean and we literally fish die. they actually sink to the bottom of the sea floor. and then the following season with the wind induced operating that you didn't get to the used for by the effect of fact in order to get out and start that cycle back again. there's a lot more to learn about to species diversity to varying. a ross has spent just over a decade, studying jelly fish together with other scientists. she wants to build a database of the different types found off the south african coast to determine whether there are any changes in the numbers. but it's a huge task. it gets more issue, we expect the tissue, we get to be in a,

out of the tissue and all that place these, this little solution. fold it in a. what we then do is we sequenced it in a and we look at what spaces we are seeing based on the d n a. and what i can say is we are see many, many new things coming up from our collections. we've only maybe worked through about 10 percent of our collections and no data. we are discovering many, many new species. and so this has been very exciting for the more the researches understand about jamie fish types and the numbers, the better they can determine changes in the population. and carly them with climatic conditions. can you fish certainly seem to feel at home here as the coast of south africa is one of the most species reaching the world. around 10 percent of all jelly fish is live here, and many can be seen at the cape town aquarium. each species has its own peculiarities, with some only living in cold water, others in war. chris lewis is responsible for breeding them, so it's a complex and difficult task. each bases has its own for the images. so while

they're creating up subspace is one to the in will cove with the specific units of time the diet shift. we have some really appreciate you. as a genius patient, we actually have to produce enough to push in order to feed them. there's also some database and very long left, they left for 6 months or 9 months. so it was nice to have this fund by about system where we actually get a use pieces to replace the ones that actually expiring on exhibit as well as the flow in the banks. the ocean is really good at keeping the junior per se, but as to jennifer security in the banks, we actually have to adjust the flow. so that can go up to many. i'll send you an image, become very misshapen, and actually die and finish because of that. many people are fascinated by these aquatic dinosaurs, or few of them, because many j, the fish are poisonous. although only a few species are dangerous to humans. some jelly fish also contain highly erotic assets and important nutrients like protein,

making them popular food in asia, but they're not on the menu in south africa, yet. instead, scientists, you hope to better understand the role of jelly fish within the marine ecosystem. and how it's effected by climate change from one asian secret show it to another of you ever heard of the term keystone species? well, it's an old, there's a that helps hold up ecosystem together. always. there's a one example that is right grease. they are known as ecosystem easy is because they help create new hub thoughts for other species. and they also minimize the impact of climate change, telling me as they are oysters are real popular is so we need to protect them. this oyster and these muscles along with scallops and clamps are our bibles, ocean creatures with 2 attached shells. fossil records place their age over

500000000 years old. ready before the dinosaurs and they are found everywhere from the arctic to the antarctic, to the equator, the start out tiny, floating through the water. oysters and muscles attach themselves to an underwater surface to grow. well, clams buried themselves in sand. they come in all different shapes and sizes too. they used to be so plentiful that they were given out is free bar snacks. but over fishing cost populations to decrease about a 100 percent off. shelby's race was the same law. heidi either way did her ph. d. on the history of oysters and muscles, we've had this extreme loss of a highly productive habitat from cyber. any places in the world. and people didn't even know that it had happened. the more we learned about how valuable they are to ecosystems, the more devastating this last because that's because they do some incredible stuff

and all the hanging out in the water wherever they grow, their busy cleaning. because the majority of buyouts are filter feeders, they filled the water and sketch particles and that water so feed those particles surrogate caps of research to muscles or controlling eco system of the great lakes in the united states. you can imagine a muscle sitting at the bottom of the lake, maybe in 200. if me those depths, you imagine that the want to call them $200.00 is meet us above that muscle. that single muscle can cycle that column of water in a couple of hours. they use whatever particles they need to grow and excrete the rest in a form that bacteria on the bottom can break down. as you can see on the left, the filter chemicals necessary for plants and animal growth, phosphorus and nitrogen of these chemicals are present in agricultural run, awesome fertilizers,

and can cause toxic algo blooms at high levels. by them is also felt in more than just chemicals. pilot projects are using them to clean lakes and oceans of micro plastics. tiny plastic particles, hard to see and collect the bivalves, absorb the small ones, and larger particles are excreted in feces, which can then be taken out of the water. so we can use these animals to clean up polluted water, but in a closed environment, they can alter the whole eco system. that's what the researchers discovered in the great lakes. the muscles are native to this area and have cleared the water of nutrients to well. it was quite a deal ization, they figured out of the muscles that live at the bottom of the lake have this much effect on the biology of the entirely in the open ocean. it's a different story here. muscles and oysters conform rece able to support whole eco systems. oysters are particularly good at this.

overtime the searchers grow bigger and bigger and they are very complex. katie motion works with a 1000000000 oyster project which aims to restore 1000000000 oysters to new york's harbor by 2035. as the oyster rece grow ocean plants attached to them, which attracts small fish and other animals to become a nursery and a feeding ground. for all different kinds of organized on so hundreds of other species, fish, crafts, little, tiny, antique organisms will make their home and a noise survey. these rece also support the larger animals. a study of new zealand muscle rece found over 10 times as many fishing of them and see horses have returned to the oysters in new york harbor. their benefits also extend beyond the structures themselves, as well as always to raise the doing is actually protecting the integrity of the world a h. i. system. when a powerful wave comes in from the ocean and hits an oyster reef,

some of the energy is broken off and lost, meaning the ways that passed that re art is damaging near the shore. this protects fragile coastal eco systems like c grasses, which function of the nurseries for ocean animals. and as carbon sinks, less wave energy also means less coastal erosion. and these eco system benefits can also come from farms if they're sustainably managed. the muscles inside in the system is very beneficial. most of the day works muscle farmers in south africa to make sure their operations are sustainable as possible. sustainable fishing practices. for example, trying to ensure that the minimize co, i didn't have actions and attendance protected species, muscles are hung from ropes suspended in the water. the animals could become trapped in with the roots properly anchored. it's extremely red. this happens the

also trying to ensure that the muscle fox themselves cannot have an impact on the basic heavy test that they will paint over in a closed environment like this day, excuse me, from the muscles could cover the ocean floor. so platforms are rotated to make sure they don't overwhelm ecosystems. bible farms require no feet and no antibiotics as they get everything they need from the water rope, chrome muscles have a carbon footprint and 0.25 kilograms per cubic. for comparison, beef is around a 100 kilograms per kilo and unlike other methods of food, so gotcha, waste products from muscles and oysters can be used in a circular way, almost who we can use now that we can use it says types of a town extremely uses the lift the shells as it should be mico kenny, composed of them as building material. the shells also sequester carbon fiber, just pull up from the water and use it to grow their shops. crushed up the shelves

can be added to concrete instead of limestone. but the best use for the shelves is the simplest. growing more by valves old shelves are often we used for farming, but can also go to restoration projects where the shellfish are left in the water instead of eating. these projects are springing up around the world from australia to new york city. we've collected almost 2000000 pounds of shell already. the shows are cleaned and placed in cages. resource or cages are put into shipping containers that we've converted into a, a way to start oyster alarm high onto shell. add water from the harbor, then some larva, and after a week they're a baby oysters. the cages are then moved into the harbor. as the oyster, we've gross, it creates an eco system, will also benefit in people on sure, we can expect a ton of fish that had to the boisterous to be added to the brain environment through a restoration prices. so why more bibles generally mean cleaner waters?

the positive impact of muscles and oysters can be doubled through circular uses for their shops. and of all of them. foresters of the super heroes filtering, sheltering, protecting, and restoring. that's why we should be doing everything we can to put more of them in our waters. and there is one thing, but we can all do. that means we never have to worry about the cost of the cost of fruits and vegetables. you know, next report we visit a school right to in uganda, whether the young students are. we've also seen plastic to grow their own food fresh and they got into the sea with phoenix and the coverage you're going to that keeps you into bed. and for all of the young farmers of said kizzy to high school are successful the produce from their school farm is used to feed their entire

student population. the students at the school on the outskirts of compiler already grow vegetables such as cabbages, raised chickens, and farm. they don't fish know they're collecting waste plastic bottles that they use to build vertical gardens in various farms. and to make the most, the remaining growing space. use it helps us in the way that we plant a lot of different plants you need. we have this come, always need. um we have the tomatoes, the tv, you know, if you have a small environment the to them, some of us have poor background. but to these have done help as in the way. it takes us best one, both to building as a result garden, with mushroom cultures and waste caught in husks for soil inside the harvested mushrooms are sliced and dried for storage. this is cynthia,

i'm going to call way of using our spacing to invite them into web by we're trying to avoid all the different for us. got down that you can choose day. we don't want this environment anymore at the end of it and have come of the solution. through the projects, the students are learning innovative, eco friendly and sustainable. growing practices to be self sufficient to guarantee a healthy diet. from uganda we had to run to west fall moves, so also costs of anything, mushrooms bought on a bigger scale than those school children we just met and they believe fund guy are the opposite to many of the was problems. who were the sold will demand is definitely growing, and most true farming is quickly becoming one of the most of the creative agriculture, reluctant with these an offer got in the adult human interior of face. hans, so my gumbo, at least is cultivating across that could help improve food security in rwanda

waste and mushrooms mazda in the economy and give it called your organs every home you did a whole lot, and i have been cultivated mushrooms for 5 years. did a robot mean see the rapid growth set them apart from other crops? when i get a retain 9 and 15 days after cultivation, the mushrooms are ready for sale? well, when i think it is i'm, is that done? well, i mean with other cups you often have to wait 5 to 6 months before they can be how this difficult, but i'll get you over to them. we love with mushrooms and generating revenue within just 2 weeks. you it's in the, we have many advantages over all that crap. oh yeah. yeah. no, that's not behind on any. you have to be in that to one of them was that a real gun on those semi gumbo, every groceries, mushrooms in rugal, rama village. one of 15 villages supported by key gully funds. it's trained around $700.00 small, held the pharmacist and had the hot specially built which the pharmacy's for free.

it also provides them with production and commercialization assistance. the social enterprise was set up by loan des moines in 2010. previously, he ran a micro brewery in new york, but he wanted to move to africa to do something sustainable with the community impact. and then inspiration hit. as the book closed am i see them running home mushrooms going to help save the world. and i thought, yeah, that's, that's too much, you know, how can help on that hope. and most of them save the world. but i started reading the book and it was very quickly convinced that mushrooms are, it is incredible organisms that can do a lot of good things. if you, you know, if you use them in the right way, they can be good for people's health. you're very healthy. to eat the very nutritious, they can be very good for the environment because they have a tendency to recycle organic matter into something useful. the economic conditions in rwanda are ideal for the cultivation of several varieties of

mushrooms and the crop is an ideal solution to one of the problems. the country faces its growing population which currently numbers around to 14000000 and the limited availability of arable land, which encompasses some 1400000 heck to as this indicates that our current land resources may not advocacy a show for security, for all citizens in the future, however, we shall still seems viable solutions from mushrooms play, a significant role in the secular bio economy. it solves the issue of negative effects that are crap invested use in the long time. that's because it's used as a substrate for the mushrooms cigale funds provide support to local weak farm is when they harvest and then vice the wheat store, which is then fermented into substrate. the form is used to burn that crap for as a d contributing to at pollution, the countryside is where you find more agriculture ways that can be converted into mushrooms. so we started with that and in 56 years into it,

we started with button mushrooms. no budget motions worldwide is the number one, commercial mushrooms everywhere. it's 90 percent of the of the cultivated mushroom around the world. but it was 0 in rhonda and it's very, very low in africa. requiring minimal inputs in terms of cost, land and labor mushroom funding is benefiting local communities here in rwanda, as well as helping decrease emissions and improve soil quality of the new my passions and mushroom plumbing stems from the many benefits. it's given me the eta and so i was showing ma'am, is that still growing cycle takes around, sorry. you know, it's crucial. but even once it's finished, mushroom substrate goes retain residual value food and we can use it as high quality man, which is ideal for various crowds, especially vegetables. so the harvest is good for food and level local as a menu say what the hunchback to the on the slides is which the great and the soil

comments and the well controlled with the vocal folds between what small mushrooms are increasingly seen as an affordable, unhealthy food and a much more environmentally friendly source of protein than meets instead of having your hamburger with beef in it, you could have a vegetarian burger with the, with the mushroom, and that's just as delicious, much healthier for you and the shelter for the planets. the machine summing fits well with the real ones in governments, plans to make agriculture, climate smiles. what do we didn't go? easy to design is only $24.00 claim waiting to integrate climate smart agriculture and to agriculture policy. go to do with the long term, you know, we'll promote sustainable and environmentally friendly farming methods. we aim to support all forms of agriculture or funding generate organic fertilizers. this

approach not only aids in combating the impacts of climate change, but also diversifies our reliance would be on mushrooms. you wouldn't have doing any reasonable for so long. and i mean, she didn't even need, are we to be today to we are with it's many benefits to the environment. mushroom funding is helping room to meet its target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by nearly 40 percent by the end of the decades. believe it or not mushroom. so we're also being used as a basis for a sustainable alternative to plastic pocket to box urgently needed as online shop entities to boom. the packaging problems get worse and worse. next story takes us to remediate in eastern europe. we want scott's help came up with another we consume as can keep buying online without added to the waste problem. ringback the new order online and a few days later, the mailman brings everything right to your doorstep. the boxes that tile up are

necessary evil. ringback because mission of a, some academic, all these boxes make the home look so messy. request someone to put, we felt that needed to change the curriculum. and we came up with the idea of developing the best packaging solution. audit bought the mean good idea and sunday, last year, a global parcel shipping volume amounted to over 161000000000 parcels. it takes 2 kilos of what to produce one kilo of packaging paper. and that means a lot of trees has failed to make those parcels adina who most start up designed a returnable packaging solution that can be reused up to $500.00 times to a consumer shopping online. can opt for environmentally friendly packaging. with just one click, the once the packaging has been removed,

its return to the courier and sent back a service for which customers pay extra for more and more online customer, i want to have returnable packaging. yeah. and different things that if that's the challenge for the startup is finding as many companies as possible to take part in the system. this large, online bookseller with branches throughout bucharest is already on board. the others are the normal cardboard. packaging is wasteful. we don't want to put more cardboard on the market, it usually ends up in landfill. assume that you know the one we are. do you know who my hopes that more and more online shoppers will opt for returnable, re usable packaging? not on one. yeah, we remain and still have to go to catching up to the one site and we need to educate the public or for use. we had to explain the difference between reusing and

recycling. but we kept down to it. now people understand how the conservation of results is, what if, if you have the percent menu, the european union's green deal plans on making the you claim it neutral by 2015 a. do you know who my things recreates? returnable packaging solution is a highly promising one. she just wishes she'd have the idea sooner. that states for this week. so all the bald climate slots solutions for fighting for the security of protected the planets, curriculums. and it's good bye for v. a nigeria, the end i am the son druck, holmes, that we nobody will sign and go from you. gunter, thank you for joining us on the do check out our equal offer go online dot films for more good stories, right? to us are equal out d, w dot com. see you again very since the

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. this is data, but the news life about it. george's capital, a pass for more demonstrations against plans, restrictions on media of freedoms, protests as of pain on the streets for 3 weeks denouncing a so called russian law as a threat to the countries in you aspirations. or just president tells dw she will be to have the bill also on the program, brother and someone's at the top of the russian envoy over series of cyber attacks, against senior members of the governing, social democratic party, german foreign minister on the bandbox as russia back to groups that also talk to the countries defense and technology sector julia and i've only wins,

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